现代汉语核心语法

Peking University via Coursera

Go to Course: https://www.coursera.org/learn/hanyu-yufa

Introduction

### Course Review: 现代汉语核心语法 (Core Grammar of Modern Chinese) **Overview:** The course "现代汉语核心语法" (Core Grammar of Modern Chinese) on Coursera is specifically designed for foreign students learning Chinese. It offers a systematic introduction to the fundamental grammar of the Chinese language, focusing on the nuances that can pose challenges to non-native learners. This includes detailed explorations of parts of speech, sentence constituents, single and complex sentences, discourse structures, and various expression methods. Through engaging exercises and targeted practices, the course aims to enhance the overall proficiency of students in the Chinese language. **Syllabus Breakdown:** The course is structured into 12 comprehensive lectures, each tackling different grammatical elements of the Chinese language: 1. **Nouns, Verbs, and Adjectives:** Introduces categories and functions of these key parts of speech, along with their specific usages. 2. **Pronouns, Numerals, and Measure Words:** Covers the various types of pronouns and measure words, explaining their roles within sentences. 3. **Adverbs, Prepositions, and Conjunctions:** Focuses on the use and placement of adverbs and prepositions, detailing their functions in conjunction with others. 4. **Particles, Interjections, and Onomatopoeia:** Examines the categories and roles of modal particles and interjections within the language. 5. **Subject, Predicate, and Object:** Dissects the components necessary for forming grammatical sentences, ensuring clarity on their placements. 6. **Attributes and Adverbial Modifiers:** Looks at how modifiers contribute to sentence clarity and structure. 7. **Complements:** Discusses various types of complements that enhance verb meanings, such as resultative and directional complements. 8. **Types of Sentences:** Introduces different sentence types (statement, question, command, exclamation) and their unique structures. 9. **Special Sentences:** Delves into the use of “把”, “被”, and other constructions that are particularly pivotal in Chinese grammar. 10. **Compound Sentences:** Explains the formation and classification of compound sentences, illustrating both coordination and subordination. 11. **Discourse:** Focuses on the overall structure of Chinese discourse and the transitional means used to link ideas. 12. **Expression Methods:** Concludes the course with unique methods for expressing numbers, comparisons, and emphases within language. **Review:** The course "现代汉语核心语法" excels in its structured approach, catering specifically to the difficulties that foreign learners might face when studying Chinese grammar. Each lecture builds on the previous one, making complex grammar concepts more digestible. The emphasis on practical exercises allows students to apply what they learn, which is paramount in mastering any language. The course is well-researched and balances theory with practice, offering explanations that are thorough yet accessible. The instructional material is complemented by interactive exercises, making the entire learning experience engaging. What sets this course apart is its awareness of the unique challenges faced by non-native speakers. By addressing these hurdles directly, the course provides clear strategies for overcoming them, thus effectively boosting learners' confidence in using the language. **Recommendation:** I highly recommend "现代汉语核心语法" for anyone serious about attaining proficiency in Chinese. Whether you are a complete beginner or have prior exposure to the language, this course will provide you with essential knowledge and skills to navigate Chinese grammar successfully. The systematic approach, combined with targeted exercises and real-world applications, ensures that learners can effectively grasp and utilize the grammatical concepts in practical contexts. Enroll in this course if you aim not just to learn Chinese, but to understand the underlying structure that will empower you to communicate more effectively and confidently in your learning journey!

Syllabus

第一讲 名 词、动词和形容词

第一讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）名词的类别和作用；（2）名词与“们”及处所词、方位词；（3）动词的类别和作用；（4）动词的重叠；（5）离合词和能愿动词；（6）形容词的类别和作用；（7）形容词的重叠式。

第二讲 代词、数词和量词

第二讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）代词的类别和作用；（2）疑问代词的特殊用法；（3）数词的类别；（4）数词的作用；（5）量词的类别及量词、数量的重叠式；（6）数量作状语带“地”问题。

第三讲 副词、介词和连词

第三讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）副词的类别和作用；（2）副词在句中的位置及共现顺序；（3）“还”“又”“再”；（4）介词的类别；（5）介词的作用；（6）连词的类别；（7）连词在句中的位置。

第四讲助词、叹词和象声词

第四讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）结构助词；（2）动态助词；（3）语气助词；（4）叹词的类别；（5）叹词的作用；（6）象声词的类别；（7）象声词的作用。

第五讲 主语、谓语和宾语

第五讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）充当主语的成分；（2）主语的位置；（3）充当谓语的成分；（4）谓语的位置；（5）充当宾语的成分；（6）双宾语；（7）宾语和数量短语。

第六讲 定语和状语

第六讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）充当定语的成分；（2）多项定语的顺序；（3）充当状语的成分；（4）状语的类别；（5）状语的位置；（6）多项状语的顺序。

第七讲 补语

第七讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）结果补语；（2）趋向补语；（3）可能补语；（4）程度补语；（5）状态补语；（6）数量补语；（7）介词短语补语。

第八讲 句子的类型

第八讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）陈述句；（2）疑问句；（3）祈使句；（4）感叹句。

第九讲 特殊句子

第九讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）“把”字句；（2）“被”字句；（3）“给”字句；（4）“在”字句；（5）“是”字句；（6）“有”字句；（7）“主谓谓语”句。

第十讲 复句

第十讲是对汉语中的复句进行讲解，在汉语中复句主要分为两大类 ：联合复句和偏正复句。联合复句又可以分为：（1）并列复句；（2）承接复句；（3）递进复句；（4）选择复句。偏正复句又可以分为：（1）因果复句，（2）条件复句，（3）假设复句，（4）让步复句，（5）目的复句，（6）转折复句 ，（7）紧缩复句。

第十一讲 篇章

第十一讲主要讲解汉语篇章的基本结构以及连接手段。

第十二讲 表达法

第十二讲主要包括以下语法点：（1）数字的表达；（2）表示比较的方法；（3）表示强调的方法。