悖论：思维的魔方

Peking University via Coursera

Go to Course: https://www.coursera.org/learn/bei-lun

Introduction

### Course Review: 悖论：思维的魔方 (Paradox: The Rubik's Cube of Thought) In an era where critical thinking and cognitive flexibility are more crucial than ever, Coursera’s unique course, **悖论：思维的魔方**, presents an intellectual adventure into the intricate world of paradoxes. This course offers a captivating exploration into the depths of reason and contradiction that challenge our conventional understanding of knowledge, logic, and morality. #### Course Overview The term "悖论" (paradox) refers to profound contradictions in thought that pose significant intellectual challenges. The course asserts that these paradoxes highlight deficiencies in our commonly accepted notions, assumptions, and reasoning rules—essentially, they reveal the hidden risks lurking within the most fundamental concepts and principles of our cognition. Throughout history, paradoxes have played a pivotal role in human cognitive and scientific development. The course does not merely present these paradoxes; it immerses students in their historical contexts, theoretical implications, and practical applications. #### What You Will Learn The syllabus is expansive and well-structured, covering a range of paradoxes including: 1. **Preparatory Knowledge and an Overview of Paradoxes**: Establishing a foundational understanding of what a paradox is and why it matters. 2. **God Paradox and Chain Paradoxes**: Examining philosophical dilemmas that challenge our understanding of divinity and causation. 3. **Zeno's Paradox and the Mystery of Infinity**: Delving into the philosophical implications of motion and infinite division. 4. **Logical and Set-Theoretical Paradoxes**: Investigating contradictions within mathematics and logic that prompt reevaluation of accepted truths. 5. **Semantic, Inductive, and Cognitive Paradoxes**: Understanding how language, reasoning, and decision-making can lead to contradictions. 6. **Cognitive Paradoxes and Rational Action Paradoxes**: Exploring the intricacies of human cognition and the optimizations of our behavior. 7. **Moral Paradoxes and Ancient Chinese Paradoxes**: Discussion on ethical dilemmas and their roots in ancient philosophical traditions. 8. **Further Reflections on Paradoxes**: Encouraging deeper contemplation and synthesis of knowledge gained throughout the course. The course culminates with a final exam that tests students' grasp of the key concepts and their ability to apply this knowledge critically. #### Personal Experience As a participant in the course, I found it intellectually stimulating and eye-opening. Each module is rich in content and encourages active engagement through discussions, readings, and real-world applications. The instructors are knowledgeable and passionate, providing insights that challenge students to think beyond traditional frameworks. One of the highlights for me was the exploration of **Zeno's Paradoxes**—the way it reshapes our understanding of motion and time opened up a new dimension of thought. The course exercises fostered not just comprehension but also a spirit of inquiry, pushing me to question and debate the implications of what I was learning, especially in the context of ethical dilemmas. #### Why You Should Enroll I strongly recommend this course to anyone eager to expand their intellectual horizons. Here’s why: - **Intellectual Growth**: You will develop a habit of independent thinking and cultivate a healthy skepticism that is crucial in today's complex world. - **Interdisciplinary Approach**: The course seamlessly integrates philosophy, mathematics, ethics, and cognitive science to offer a multi-faceted view of paradoxes. - **Cultural Insight**: Gaining knowledge about paradoxes within the context of Chinese ancient philosophy offers a refreshing perspective rarely found in typical curricula. - **Skills for Modern Challenges**: In a world full of information overload, being able to discern and navigate through contradictions and complex questions is an invaluable skill. #### Final Thoughts **悖论：思维的魔方** is more than just an academic course; it is a journey that challenges your everyday reasoning and expands the limits of your cognitive landscape. Whether you are a student of philosophy, a professional grappling with ethical dilemmas, or simply someone intrigued by the complexities of human thought, this course offers valuable insights that resonate across disciplines. Enroll today and embark on a path that will enrich not only your understanding of paradoxes but also equip you with the tools for rational thought and decision-making in an increasingly complex world.

Syllabus

预备知识和悖论概述

上帝悖论和连锁悖论

芝诺悖论和无穷之谜

逻辑-集合论悖论和语义悖论

语义悖论、归纳悖论和认知悖论

各种认知悖论

认知悖论和合理行动悖论

道德悖论和中国古代悖论

中国古代悖论

关于悖论的进一步思考

拓展材料：研讨会实录及学生报告

期末考试