Overview

Electronic waste, or e-waste, refers to all items of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and its parts that have been discarded by its owner as waste without the intent of re-use.Why is it a problem?•Hazardous materials found in electronics --Examples: Arsenic, Beryllium, Cadmium, Nickel, Zinc, Antimony, Lead, Chromium, Etc..-Can cause damage to brain, lungs, and other organs-Lead especially toxic to developing children [Jackson]Globally, only 8.9 Mt of e-waste are documented to be collected and recycled, which corresponds to 20% of all the e-waste generated.Of those 44.7 Mt, approximately 1.7 Mt (4%) are thrown into the residual waste in higher-income countries, and are likely to be incinerated or land-filled.Regulations in India- Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 - The E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 - The E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016Stakeholders in E-Waste Rules -Producer -Consumer or bulk consumer -Collection centre -Dismantler -Recycler -MoEF/CPCB/SPCBFORMAL RECYCLING -COLLECTION OF E-WASTE -SEGREGATION/SEPARATION OF COMPONENTS -PHYSICAL BENEFICIATION -RECOVERY OF VALUABLES FOLLOWING-PYRO / HYDROMETALLURGICAL TECHNIQUES•Hazardous materials not only found in electronic components•Toxins are found in the plastics-Brominated flame-retardants (BFR) added to plastics to reduce chance of fire-Damage to sexual development and growth attributed to some BFRs [Jackson]Hazardous Waste Rules, 2008•Electronic Industry is part of Schedule I•The hazardous constituents of the e-waste are covered under Schedule II•Waste EEAs comprising of hazardous constituents are regulated for import purpose in Schedule III A•Waste EEAs without hazardous constituents and EEAs for direct reuse are regulated for import purpose in Schedule III B•Waste EEAs comprising of hazardous constituents are regulated for import purpose in Schedule III AE-Waste Management and Handling Rules, 2011- Come in to force from 1st May 2012- The objective is to ensure environmentally sound management of E-waste generated from the end of life electrical and electronic equipments.- Applicable to the e-waste generated from IT and telecommunication equipment and Consumer electrical and electronic equipments as specified in Schedule-IE-Waste Management and Handling Rules, 2016- The objective is to ensure environmentally sound management of E-waste generated from the end of life electrical and electronic equipments.- Applicable to the e-waste generated from IT and telecommunication equipment and Consumer electrical and electronic equipments as specified in Schedule-I- Recycling and responsibility of manufacturers extendedE-Waste Management ScenarioGeneration more than 800000 MTAAuthorized Producer - 35Authorized Collection Centres - 76Dismantler/Recycler - 98Dismantling/recycling capacity - 293748 MTA

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